Effects of gender and length of land tenure on timber supply in Finland

This study investigated timber supply from Finnish non-industrial private forests (NIPF) using the consistent Tobit model and nationwide micropanel survey data on timber sales of 1299 forest owners during 2004–2008. The effects of forest owners’ gender and length of land tenure on timber supply were studied in particular. Women sold one cubic meter per hectare and per year (about 30%) less than men did. Female owners sold less frequently, but larger quantities at a time than did male owners. Short-tenure (<5 years) owners’ harvests were only affected by price, owner's age, income, timber stock and forest acreage. A group with relatively high harvest levels was young, low-income new forest owners.     

Small firms and networks in capital intensive industries: The case of Spanish steel wire manufacturing

This article uses an interdisciplinary approach to gain a better understanding of the organization of the Spanish industry in a long-term perspective. Sociological concepts about networks, and studies about family firms from management and business history literatures, are combined to illuminate the dominance of family ownership in capital intensive industries. Popp, Toms and Wilson's work on the spatialization of resource distribution and resource dependence has been used to understand the dominance of small family firms co-ordinated by networks in the particular case study of the Spanish steel wire manufactures. The article also has important implications for questioning Casson's interpretation about the difficulties dynastic family firms may have in science-wire rod industries.     

How long do housing cycles last? A duration analysis for 19 OECD countries

This paper analyzes the duration of house price upturns and downturns in the last 40 years for 19 OECD countries. Both upturns and downturns display duration dependence: they are more likely to end as their duration increases. Downturns display also lagged duration dependence: they are less likely to end if the previous upturn was particularly long. These patterns are consistent with a boom-bust view of housing price dynamics, where booms represent departures from fundamentals that are increasingly difficult to sustain and busts serve as readjustment periods. Findings are robust to the inclusion of macroeconomic variables, which allow for the estimation of additional determinants of house price expansions and contractions.     

ECONOMETRICS FOR GRUMBLERS: A NEW LOOK AT THE LITERATURE ON CROSS‐COUNTRY GROWTH EMPIRICS

Abstract Since the seminal contribution of N. Gregory Mankiw, David Romer and David N. Weil in 1992 the growth empirics literature has used increasingly sophisticated methods to select relevant growth determinants in estimating cross‐section growth regressions. The vast majority of empirical approaches, however, limit cross‐country heterogeneity in production technology to the specification of total factor productivity, the ‘measure of our ignorance’. In this survey, we present two general empirical frameworks for cross‐country growth and productivity analysis and demonstrate that they encompass the various approaches in the growth empirics literature of the past two decades. We then develop our central argument, that cross‐country heterogeneity in the impact of observables and unobservables on output as well as the time‐series properties of the data are important for reliable empirical analysis.     

On Evaluation of the Conditional Distribution of the Deficit at the Time of Ruin

Analytic evaluation of the deficit at the time of ruin is shown to be simplified when the residual equilibrium density function associated with the claim size distribution has a certain property. This result is used to show that the conditional distribution of the deficit is a mixture of Erlangs (gamma with integer shape parameters) if the same is true of the claim size distribution. This unifies and generalizes previous results involving combinations of exponentials and a particular Erlang distribution. Extensions are then discussed.     

Modeling trade duration in U.S. Treasury markets

This paper models the trading intensity of the US Treasury bond market, which has a unique expandable limit order book that distinguishes it from other asset markets. The results indicate that trade duration exhibits significant clustering and that the time taken to expand the tradable volume, known as ‘workup’, significantly decreases the time between the initiation of consecutive trades. Finally, we find that trade duration falls in the presence of scheduled news releases, but the size of the surprise in that news release is not found to be important.     

基于结构突变和截面相关的面板协整检验

本文基于Westerlund和Edgerton（2008）,考虑了无时间趋势和有时间趋势的面板协整检验。在检验协整时,本文不仅允许误差项存在异方差、序列相关以及截面相关,而且还允许各截面在截距和协整斜率上存在未知时点的多个突变点。蒙特卡洛模拟结果表明,（1）该检验的具有较小的水平扭曲和较高的检验势,（2）将模型拓展到不含有趋势项的情形是必要的。在此基础上,使用基于动态最小二乘估计量的新统计量对国际CO2排放和经济增长关系进行检验,发现在考虑了突变和截面相关的情形下,两者间的长期均衡关系确实存在。     

制度逻辑与新创企业技术创新模式:往期绩效和介入时间的调节作用

基于5省236家新创企业的调研数据,从利益相关者的制度逻辑入手,分析了风险投资者和政府机构对新创企业探索式创新和利用式创新的影响,以及企业往期绩效和利益相关者介入新创企业发展时间的调节作用。研究发现:(1)获得风险投资机构资金的新创企业倾向于采取利用式创新,而获得政府机构资金扶持的新创企业倾向于探索式创新;(2)新创企业往期绩效越好,其在获得风险投资机构资金后采取利用式创新的可能性越小,而在获得政府机构资金扶持后采取探索式创新的可能性越大;(3)风险投资机构介入新创企业发展的时间越长,新创企业采取利用式创新的可能性越大,而政府机构介入新创企业发展的时间越长,新创企业采取探索式创新的可能性越大。